In 1840, Scottish historian and philosopher Thomas Carlyle stated “the history of the world is but the biography of great men.” So began the popularization of the Great Man Theory, which posits that historical events and movements are made possible because of exceptional men. Carlyle and his like-minded contemporaries were convinced these great men were born with superior attributes and that history turned on the decisions made and actions undertaken by these unique geniuses. Nearly two centuries later, I think most of us would disagree that leaders are born to glorious distinction and would argue that other factors — the...