“And this is a moment,” he went on as the crowd waved Israeli flags, “where I lean on my faith. I am proud of my faith.” Shapiro may be the nation’s most prominent Jewish politician as antisemitism surges across America, and he’s made his religion central to his political identity — what he calls living his faith “out loud.” At this pivotal moment, as he marches toward a dominant reelection this fall that is expected to propel him into the next presidential campaign, the 52-year-old governor is attempting to straddle an almost impossible chasm as both a Jewish progressive and...