The Trump administration has also floated a proposal to steer financial benefits to schools that align with Trump’s ideology for higher education. Most of the universities that the administration solicited for feedback rejected the proposal. But as universities contend with Washington’s demands, the long-term result could remake higher education across the country. Billions in funds for research have been frozen, while administration officials have also tried to prevent universities from enrolling international students. The higher education industry has acknowledged shortcomings and failures, but university leaders have also warned that the federal government is trying to stamp out academic freedom, a...