When Berlin’s newest mosque opened six years ago, the televised scenes of laughing, dancing women challenged many ideas about what to expect from a house of Islamic worship. The Ibn-Rushd-Goethe mosque was founded by a team around Seyran Ates, a formidable German women’s rights lawyer and Muslim feminist. In premises sublet from a Lutheran church, Ates hoped to realise her dream of an inclusive faith space where all – heterosexuals, queer people, even non-Muslims – would be welcome. “Men and women will pray together. It will be possible for women to lead prayers and preach,” Ates said in 2017. “With...