In 2018 and 2019, antisemitism surged as a mainstream threat in American society, with a significant increase in incidents and the horrific massacre of Jews at a synagogue in Pittsburgh. ADL has been conducting research on antisemitic attitudes since the 1960s, and so to understand this moment, ADL initiated a new study about American opinions about Jews. The findings then seemed counterintuitive: Just 11 percent of Americans harbored extensive antisemitic attitudes, one of the lowest numbers ever recorded. But this was not necessarily contradictory. Firstly, we believed that while the American people overall hadn’t become more antisemitic, the 11 percent...