From medieval times to the present day, the history of the Jewish community in Vienna is one of both great success and great tragedy. Vienna’s Jewish history dates back nearly 900 years. Jews lived in the Austrian capital well before it became known for its beautiful palaces, classical music and impressive cafes. Before 1938, the Austrian Jewish community was one of the largest in Europe. Vienna was an important center of Jewish culture, education and Zionist thought. At different times, some of the greatest Jewish thinkers called Vienna home, including Theodor Herzl, Sigmund Freud, Franz Kafka and Viktor Frankl. Nazi...