BERLIN—Sana Kisilis and Karina Markhbein sat at the front of a classroom surrounded by two dozen young adults arranged in a semicircle. For many of them, the two women were the first Jews they had ever met. “When you hear the word Jew in Germany, many people think of the Holocaust,” Ms. Kisilis said after the meeting at a museum in a former Berlin synagogue. “Our project is about giving Jews a face.”