Even in the politically charged atmosphere and divided country, a routine U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee hearing was charged and emotions ran high as Jeremy Carl, a resident of Bozeman, Mont., stood for questioning, as President Donald J. Trump’s nominee to become the Assistant Secretary of State for the United Nations and International Organizations. If confirmed, Carl would spend much time focused on the U.N. and other world organizations, but during the hearing this week, senators from both parties blistered Carl for his views on “white culture,” comments that were described as “anti-Semitic” and a fringe social concept called “replacement...