Columbia University held its first day of classes for many students Tuesday amid fear the campus has been profoundly changed — both physically and academically — amid efforts to reach a deal with the Trump administration to restore federal research grants. At a series of protests, faculty wondered aloud how the federal deal would change the semester ahead, with more than 100 professors taking a “syllabus pledge” to keep teaching controversial topics. Students lamented their difficulty accessing campus through limited entry points, where they are required to swipe ID cards to get in. Columbia University agreed in July, as part...