WASHINGTON—Criticism of Donald Trump‘s recent dinner with Kanye West and Nick Fuentes, a white nationalist and far-right personality, mounted over the weekend, with some members of both political parties condemning the former president and calling for him to take a firmer stance on anti-Semitism. The controversy over the Tuesday dinner came about a week after Mr. Trump announced he is running for president again. Mr. Trump said he didn’t know Mr. Fuentes and was accommodating a meeting request from Mr. West, the rapper who goes by Ye. The former president already is facing legal problems and resistance from some fellow...